geopro:pedro:complexity
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+ | ====== Complexity ====== | ||
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+ | {{http:// | ||
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+ | =====Terms===== | ||
+ | * **Lowrys’s Principle (1965):** the only true test of a model is when it is fitted for one situation and then is tested in a different situation. | ||
+ | * **[[http:// | ||
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+ | =====Papers===== | ||
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====More is Different==== | ====More is Different==== | ||
|P. W. Anderson, 1972| Science| [[http:// | |P. W. Anderson, 1972| Science| [[http:// | ||
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====Complexity, | ====Complexity, | ||
- | |T. R. J. Bossomaier and A. W. Snyder, 2005| Complexity International| | + | |T. R. J. Bossomaier and A. W. Snyder, 2005| Complexity International| [[http:// |
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of this paradox lies within understanding the relationship between creativity and complex | of this paradox lies within understanding the relationship between creativity and complex | ||
systems. | systems. | ||
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+ | To illustrate the complexity perspective it will suffice to consider just a few modus operandi: | ||
+ | * in the replacement model a component of a system is replaced by a similar component. | ||
+ | * the association model in which connections are made between distant concepts. | ||
+ | * the evolutionary model, in which incremental changes can become radically variations. | ||
+ | The paper shows a couple of examples of each case. | ||
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+ | ====Seductive Simulations? | ||
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+ | |Myanna Lahsen, 2005| Social Studies of Science 35(6): | ||
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+ | \\ | ||
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+ | **Abstract: | ||
+ | Circulation Models (GCMs) – computer models used to project possible global climatic | ||
+ | changes due to human emissions of greenhouse gases. It examines the trope of | ||
+ | distance underpinning Donald MacKenzie’s concept of ‘certainty trough’, and calls for | ||
+ | a more multi-dimensional and dynamic conceptualization of how uncertainty is | ||
+ | distributed around technology. The certainty trough describes the level of certainty | ||
+ | attached to particular technoscientific constructions as distance increases from the site | ||
+ | of knowledge production, and proposes that producers of a given technology and its | ||
+ | products are the best judges of their accuracy. Processes and dynamics associated with | ||
+ | GCM modeling challenge the simplicity of the certainty trough diagram, mainly | ||
+ | because of difficulties with distinguishing between knowledge producers and users, | ||
+ | and because GCMs involve multiple sites of production. This case study also challenges | ||
+ | the assumption that knowledge producers always are the best judges of the accuracy | ||
+ | of their models. Drawing on participant observation and interviews with climate | ||
+ | modelers and the atmospheric scientists with whom they interact, the study discusses | ||
+ | how modelers, and to some extent knowledge producers in general, are sometimes | ||
+ | less able than some users to identify shortcomings of their models. | ||
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geopro/pedro/complexity.1205935643.txt.gz · Última modificação: 2008/03/19 14:07 por 150.163.67.167