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Próxima revisão		Revisão anterior
terralib:convencaoprograma [2008/04/02 12:04] – laercioterralib:convencaoprograma [2008/04/02 19:22] (atual) – laercio
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 **Recomendações para programação em C++**. \\ **Recomendações para programação em C++**. \\
 Baseado em "//The Elements of C++ Style - T. Misfeldt, G. Bumgardner, A. Gray//" Baseado em "//The Elements of C++ Style - T. Misfeldt, G. Bumgardner, A. Gray//"
 +
  
 ====== Namespace ====== ====== Namespace ======
-  * Usar sempre o namespace TerraLib+  * Usar sempre o namespace **TerraLib**
   * Usar sempre os namespaces externos explicitamente   * Usar sempre os namespaces externos explicitamente
 +
 ===== Exemplo ===== ===== Exemplo =====
 <code cpp> <code cpp>
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 } }
 </code> </code>
 +
 ====== Preprocessador ====== ====== Preprocessador ======
   * Use '#include " ... "’ for collocated header files and '#include <...>' for external header files   * Use '#include " ... "’ for collocated header files and '#include <...>' for external header files
-  * Place preprocessor include guard in header files+  * Place preprocessor include guard (macros associadas a arquivos include) in header files
   * Use #if. . #endif and #if def . . #endif instead of "/* . . .*/" comments to hide blocks of code   * Use #if. . #endif and #if def . . #endif instead of "/* . . .*/" comments to hide blocks of code
   * Use macros sparingly   * Use macros sparingly
   * Do not use "#define" to define constants – declare static const variables instead   * Do not use "#define" to define constants – declare static const variables instead
 +
 +===== Example =====
 +<code cpp>
 +#ifndef TE_CONNECTION_POOL_H
 +#define TE_CONNECTION_POOL_H
 +....
 +static const float TeMaxFloat = 3.4e37;
 +....
 +#endif // end TE_CONNECTION_POOL_H
 +</code>
 +
  
  
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   * Do not define enumerations using macros or integer constants   * Do not define enumerations using macros or integer constants
   * Declare enumerations within a namespace or class   * Declare enumerations within a namespace or class
 +
 +===== Example =====
 +<code cpp>
 +typedef std::pair<TeLine, double> TeLineLength;
 +typedef std::vector<lineLength> TeLineSizes;
 +
 +enum TeSelectionMode
 +{
 +  TeSelectionModeDefault,   //!< default selection
 +  TeSelectionModeTePointed,   //!< object pointed
 +  TeSelectionModeTeQueried,   //!< object queried
 +  TeSelectionModeTePointedQueried //!< object pointed and queried
 +}
 +</code>
 +
  
 ====== Escopo ====== ====== Escopo ======
   * Declare for-loop iteration variables inside of for statements   * Declare for-loop iteration variables inside of for statements
 +===== Example ===== 
 +<code cpp> 
 +for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) 
 +</code>
  
  
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   * Define binary operators outside of a class   * Define binary operators outside of a class
   * Implement a Boolean operator in terms of its opposite   * Implement a Boolean operator in terms of its opposite
 +
  
  
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   * Use templates instead of macros to create parameterized code   * Use templates instead of macros to create parameterized code
-  * Do not use CV-qualified types as template parameters+  * Do not use const or volatile qualified types as template parameters 
 ===== Exemplo ===== ===== Exemplo =====
 <code cpp> <code cpp>
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 } }
 </code> </code>
 +
 +
 +
  
 ====== Segurança, Cast e Conversões de Tipos ====== ====== Segurança, Cast e Conversões de Tipos ======
  
-118. Use C++ casting operators instead of C-style casts +  * Use C++ casting operators instead of C-style casts. Ex:<code cpp> 
-119. Avoid type casting and do not force others to use it +short a = 2000; 
-120. Use static-cast<> to impose non-intuitive implicit conversions +int b; 
-121. Do not use reinterpret-cast<> in portable code +b = (int) a;    // c-like cast notation - Ok only for fundamental data types 
-122. Only use const-cast<> on "this" or when dealing with non-const-correct code + 
-123. Never use dynamic-cast<> as a substitute for polymorphism +double d = 3.14159265; 
-124. Use dynamic-cast<> to restore lost type information +int i = static_cast<int>(d); // No need for this cast 
-125. Always treat string literals as const char* +</code> 
-126 Use C++ streams instead of stdio function for type safety +  * Avoid type casting and do not force others to use it. 
-127 Test all type conversions+  * Use **static-cast<>** to impose non-intuitive implicit conversions 
 +  * Do not use reinterpret-cast<> in portable code 
 +  * Only use **const-cast<>** on "this" or when dealing with non-const-correct code 
 +  * Never use **dynamic-cast<>** as a substitute for polymorphism 
 +  * Use **dynamic-cast<>** to restore lost type information 
 +  * Always treat string literals as **const char*** 
 +  * Use C++ streams instead of stdio function for type safety. Exemplo: <code cpp> 
 +const char* myMessage = "Hello World!!!"; // A string literal 
 + 
 +printf("%s", myMessage); // Stdio function 
 +std::cout << myMessage << std::endl; // Use this instead 
 +</code> 
 +  * Test all type conversions 
 + 
 + 
 ====== Inicialização e Construção ====== ====== Inicialização e Construção ======
  
-128 Initialize all variables +  * Initialize all variables 
-129. Do not rely on the order of initialization of global objects +  * Do not rely on the order of initialization of global objects 
-130. Always construct objects in a valid state +  * Always construct objects in a valid state 
-131. Initialize member variables in the initializer list +  * Initialize member variables in the initializer list 
-132. Initialize member variables in the order they are declared +  * Initialize member variables in the order they are declared 
-133. Indicate when the declaration order of data members is significant +  * Indicate when the declaration order of data members is significant 
-134. Always list any superclass constructors in the initialize list of a subclass constructor +  * Always list any superclass constructors in the initialize list of a subclass constructor 
-135. Do not call virtual functions in constructors and destructors +  * Do not call virtual functions in constructors and destructors 
-136 Declare and initialize static variables within functions +  * Declare and initialize static variables within functions 
-137. Zero pointers after deletion +  * Zero pointers after deletion 
-138. Use the new and delete operators instead of malloc() and free()+  * Use the **new** and **delete** operators instead of **malloc()** and **free()** 
 + 
  
 ====== Declarações e Expressões ====== ====== Declarações e Expressões ======
  
-139. Do not rely on operator precedence in complex expressions +  * Do not rely on operator precedence in complex expressions 
-140. Use block statements in control flow constructs +  * Use block statements in control flow constructs 
-141. Do not test for equality with true +  * Do not test for equality with true 
-142. Replace repeated non-trivial expressions with equivalent methods +  * Replace repeated non-trivial expressions with equivalent methods 
-143. Use size-t variables for simple loop iteration and array subscripts +  * Use **size-t** variables for simple loop iteration and array subscripts 
-144. Use a dummy template function to eliminate warnings for unused variables+  * Use a dummy template function to eliminate warnings for unused variables 
 + 
 + 
 ====== Fluxo de Controle ====== ====== Fluxo de Controle ======
  
-145. Avoid break and continue in iteration statements +  * Avoid **break** and **continue** in iteration statements 
-146 Avoid multiple return statements in functions +  * Avoid multiple **return** statements in functions 
-147. Do not use goto +  * Do not use **goto** 
-148. Do not use try . .throw. .catch to manage control flow +  * Do not use **try .. throw .. catch** to manage control flow 
-149. Never use setjmp() or longjmp() in a C++ program +  * Never use **setjmp()** or **longjmp()** in a C++ program 
-150. Always code a break statement in the last case of a switch statement+  * Always code a **break** statement in the last case of a switch statement 
 + 
 + 
 ====== Manipulação de Erros e Exceções ====== ====== Manipulação de Erros e Exceções ======
-151. Use return codes to report unexpected state changes +  * Use return codes to report unexpected state changes 
-152. Use assertions to enforce a programming contract +  * Use assertions to enforce a programming contract 
-153. Do not silently absorb or ignore unexpected runtime errors +  * Do not silently absorb or ignore unexpected runtime errors 
-154. Use assertions to report unexpected or unhandled runtime errors +  * Use assertions to report unexpected or unhandled runtime errors 
-155. Use exceptions to report errors that may occur under normal program execution +  * Use exceptions to report errors that may occur under normal program execution 
-156 Manage resources with RAII for exception safety +  * Manage resources with RAII for exception safety 
-157. Catch exceptions by reference, not by value +  * Catch exceptions by reference, not by value 
-158. Do not discard exception information if you throw a new exception within a catch block +  * Do not discard exception information if you throw a new exception within a **catch** block 
-159. Avoid throwing exceptions in destructors+  * Avoid throwing exceptions in destructors 
 + 
 ====== Eficiência ====== ====== Eficiência ======
-160. Use lazy evaluation and initialization +  * Use lazy evaluation and initialization 
-161. Reuse objects to avoid reallocation +  * Reuse objects to avoid reallocation 
-162. Leave optimization for last+  * Leave optimization for last
  
terralib/convencaoprograma.1207137894.txt.gz · Última modificação: 2008/04/02 12:04 por laercio