=====GIS, Spatial Analysis, and Modeling=====
|David Maguire, Michael Batty, Michael Goodchild, editors| 2005|

{{  http://www.leg.ufpr.br/~pedro/figures/gis-maguire.jpg}}


====GIS, Spatial Analysis, and Modelling Overview====
|Goodchild, M.F.|

GIS are not well suited to dynamic modelling.

====Approaches to Modelling in GIS: Spatial Representation and Temporal Dynamics====
|M. Batty|

When dynamic predictive models are embedded within GIS, then the software in question
is usually customized to the specific process in question. [...] Softwares such as this
[PCRaster], in fact, is conceived with physical rather than human process in mind.

In CA modelling, for example, regular cells are usually the storage bins for aggregations of
individuals, [...] This collection of agents act as an attribute of the cell rather than being a
collection of agents in their own right. [...] Diffusion is simulated by showing how cells
states change rather by showing how agents actually move. **CA models might be seen as ABM when the
agents are fixed or immobile in the simulation sense.**


====Linking General-Purpose Dynamic Simulation Models with GIS====
|I. Miller, S. Knopf and R. Kossik|

The software architecture required for ABM is significantly different from that
required for just modeling the evolution of geographic entities in a static map.

Dynamic models typically produce two types of time sequences as results:
  - longitudinal time histories of individual values
  - snapshots of the entire system (movies)


====Transition Potential Modeling for Land Cover Change====
|J. R. Eastman, M. E. V. Fossen and L. A. Solórzano|

//Sérgio - GOOD LUCC//

====Modeling the Interaction between Humans and Animals in Multiple-use Forests: A Case Study of Panthera Tigris====
|S. Ahearn and J. L. David Smith|

//Pedro - GOOD LUCC//

====Integration of Geographic Information Systems and Agent-Based Models of Land Use: Prospects and Challenges====
|D. C. Parker|

This chapter summarizes the activities, concerns, and challenges of developers and end users of ABM/LUCC.

Many ABM/LUCC researches begin by developing models that operate over an abstract landscape, even when
their longer-term goals include application to real-world landscapes.

Some interesting references about integration.

Types of integration:
  - abstract cellular landscapes
  - GIS initialization/output display
  - integration via files written to disk
  - run-time communication
  - internal GIS functionality in ABM

A Wishlist for model integration:

^ modelling functionality  |object oriented structure. interface with other dynamic models. mobile objects. visualize in 3D  |
^ mathematical functionality  | potentially needed for constructing agent decision-making, model calibration and coupling with environmental process. finite-element modelling, integer programming, genetic algorithms, simulated annealing  |
^ verification and validation  | real-time visualization, on-the-fly sensitivity analysis by changing model parameters, generate and export graphics  |
^build-in standard functions  | well documented algorithms for all the above functionalities  |

A call for a standard base modelling framework for ABM/LUCC.

====Towards a GIS Platform for Spatial Analysis and Modelling====
|Maguire, D.J.|

GIS are not well suited to dynamic modelling.